INTRO TO ARDUINO UNO-R3

          Hello guys, you know what an arduino board is. But as a beginner (or) a novice you may face a difficulty in choosing the right board from the wide range of boards in  Arduino family.

               For you  I strongly suggest Arduino UNO–R3 to get started with electronic projects.

In this blog I will be showing you tutorials and projects with Arduino UNO in my future posts.

WHY ARDUINO UNO?

               The arduino UNO is the most used and documented board in the arduino family.

UNO is a great choice for first arduino as it is relatively cheap and very easy to setup and it is the toughest board you can play with.

In rare cases even if you mess up with the board you can just change the ATmega 328p microcontroller for few bucks ( around 6$/200 INR) as UNO is a surface mount version with DIP package .

                                      It is a huge advantage of arduino UNO.

ARDUINO UNO -R3:

            "UNO" means one in Italian and it is named to mark the release of Arduino software IDE 1.0

The latest Arduino UNO R3 was released in 2011 and it is the third revision of UNO boards.

WHAT IS INSIDE AN ARDUINO?

              So shall we see the specifications of this little board so that you can look forward to use all the cool features described in them.

Specifications:

Microcontroller                               ATmega328
Operating Voltage                          5V
Input Voltage (recommended)       7-12V
Input Voltage (limits)                      6-20V
Digital I/O Pins                               14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
Analog Input Pins                           6
DC Current per I/O Pin                  40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin                 50 mA
Flash Memory                                32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
SRAM                                             2 KB (ATmega328)
EEPROM                                       1 KB (ATmega328)
Clock Speed                                  16 MHZ

MICROCONTROLLER:

             The Arduino UNO is based on ATmega 328p microcontroller and it also has ATmega16U microcontroller.

ATmega 328p: 
              It is the brain of the Arduino and it is a high performance Atmel pico power 8bit AVR RISC based microcontroller which is cable of executing powerful instruction in single clock cycle.

ATmega 16U2:
             This microcontroller takes care of the USB connection and ICSP bootloader.

I/O pins:

The Arduino UNO has 

• 14 Digital pins(6 PWM) and
• 6 Analog pins   

DIGITAL PINS: Pin 0 to Pin 13

In which pin 0 and pin 1 are used to receive and transmit serial data.

PWM:  3,5,6,9,10,11   

These 6 pins can be used as PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) pins.Using these pins you can control the voltage in turn you can control the brightness of led,speed of the motor or whatever you wish to by varying the voltage.

ANALOG PINS:  Pin A0 to Pin A5

The main function of Analog pins is reading the values from Analog sensors.

POWER SYSTEM/POWER PINS:

         The Arduino UNO has super convenient power management and buit-in voltage regulation.
Unlike older boards the power source is selected automatically.You can directly power it through USB or external power supply.

The external power supply can be given by

1.  Connecting power source(7-12V DC) to DC power jack (or)

2.  Connecting a battery lead to Vin and Gnd.

NOTE:Don’t try to power it through 5V or 3.3V pins  it will damage the on board regulator.

• 5V and 3.3V pins can be used to provide power to sensors and modules when connecting it to Arduino.
• IOREF: This pin provides voltage reference with which the microcontroller operates.

MEMORY:

       ATmega 328p has 32KB of flash memory to store your program and 2KB of SRAM and 1KB of EEPROM.

 

COMMUNICATION:

        UNO has communication protocols like UART Serial commication,SPI and I2C.

UART:

            UNO uses digital pin0(RX) and digital pin1(TX)  for UART TTL serial communication.
I2C:

            UNO uses A4 or SDA pin and A5 or SCL pin are used for I2C communication with
wire library.

• SCL is the clock signal
• SDA is the data signal

 NOTE:SDA and SCL pins are not extra pins available in UNO for I2C its an copy of pins A4 and A5.

SPI:

           Pin11:(MOSI)

           Pin12:(MISO)

           Pin13:(SCK)    

• MOSI(Master Out Slave In)- The Master line for sending data to the peripherals.
• MISO(Master In Slave Out)-The slave line for sending data to the master.
• SCK(Serial Clock)- The clock pulse which synchronise data transmission generated by the master.

    Corresponding pins along with SPI library is used for SPI communication.

ICSP headers can be used to program ATmega directly using boot loader.

CLOCK:

      It has 16MHz clock  on board makes it fast and speediest micro controller.

OTHER FEATURES:

• It  has a reset button to reset the program on chip.  
• A Led on board is mapped to pin 13  for debugging  and testing  purpose.
• A power Led to indicate power.
• Two Led for RX and TX which blinks when the serial communication takes place.

 

            So I hope you  have got all the answers you need to know about what is inside an Arduino UNO.

So why are you waiting for go grab your arduino board from Amazon, Ebay , Flipkart or from any electronic retail shop near you.

If you already have one tell me what you have done with it in comment box. :-)

What is an Arduino? Why Should I Own One?

    If you are wondering what an Arduino board is? And how it can help you to do your own project.
Then this post is for you to get a clear picture of what it is.

      Arduino is a single board micro-controller and it is an open-source hardware which works on Integrated Development Environment(IDE).


                     "Arduino is an open source electronics prototyping platform
                      based on flexible,easy-to-use hardware and software.Its  intended
                      for artists,designers,hobbyists and anyone interested in creating interactive 
                     objects or  Environments"
                                                                                  -arduino.cc

HISTORY:

     Lets know the history of this little master mind.
Arduino was developed in 2005 at Ivera Interaction Institute ,Itally and it was designed by Massimo Banzi,Giancla Martio ,Dave Mellis,David Cuartielles with Nicholas Zambetti.

It was named after one of their kings Arduin of Ivera.

ARDUINO HARDWARE:

Over the time arduino boards have Evolved into different shapes and sizes with different specifications.  
These boards can be classified based on Categories like  

• Entry level  
• Enhanced Features
• Small Size
• Wearable and
•  IOT(Internet Of Things)

There are varieties of Arduino boards with different versions are available to serve different purpose with same core functions.

     Some of the popular Arduino boards are

• Arduino diecimila
• Arduino duemilanove
• Arduino UNO
• Arduino leonardo
• Arduino mega
• Arduino nano
• Arduino due
• Lillypad arduino
• ArduinoYUN
• Arduino robot 

But in this blog we are going to do projects with Arduino UNO and I will give a detailed explanation about Arduino UNO on my next post.

ARDUINO SOFTWARE:

The Arduino uses an open source software IDE (Integrated Development Environment).

It can be used to easily write program codes and upload it to the Arduino board.

This software runs in cross platforms.

Download software: https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software
 

Programming Language:

The Arduino is built around an easy to use programming language that will help the novices learn to code easily.

  It works on a programming language called processing an open source language which works on IDE and it was developed from Wiring language.

Why Should I Own a Arduino?

Well,if you are like me a beginner in electronics who wishes to work with electronic circuits and create a own  interesting  projects but postponding things without knowing where to start and how to do?

                                             Then Arduino is your solution!!!

With Arduino in your hand along with few sensors of your choice you can do many interesting stuff in a short time without great difficulty.

Why Arduino?when there is a lots of other micro-controller boards available?

There are few  reason I prefer Arduino over other boards.

1)It Is Less Expensive

    Most people don't wish to spend too much money on their projects when they are trying to learn new things .With Arduino  you don't need to worry about the expense.

You can buy one at a low cost around  24$ or 1400 INR (for Arduino uno) or you can make your own Arduino board with blue print  and circuit design available online.

The Arduino clones are also available in the market which are half the price of the original one and it works exactly in the same as the original one.

2)Cross Platform  

With Arduino software you don't have to worry about your OS since it is cross platform software you can install it in any OS like Linux,Windows ,Mac OS,Macintosh.

3)Simple and Easy 

It is simple and easy to learn even a armature electronic hobbyist or a school student can understand the concepts and learn it fast and do their own projects in a very short time.

I Strongly recommend Arduino board for Engineering students ,School students and Hobbyists who wish to learn Electronic concepts in a fun filled way.

 

                

WELCOME READERS!!

I am Karthik,an Electronics and Communication Engineering Student who is interested in exploring electronics and I love playing with electronic components and doing projects.

I am writing this blog to share my knowledge with Electronic engineers/hobbyists who are interested in doing projects and to those who are willing to explore the interesting side of electronics.

In this blog I would be posting about basic electronic Tutorials and Projects with Arduino,8051 and Raspberry pi.

In the first few  months I will  mostly write posts based on arduino and its projects.

I would love to connect with my readers who are willing to learn more and to those who are willing to share their knowledge.

                                     "Innovation distinguishes between a

                                           Leader and a Follower"

                                                                    -Steve Jobs

so lets learn new stuff and innovate new things....